Subject to the provisions of sections 13 and 15, one trustee is not, as such, liable for a breach of trust committed by his co -trustee:

   Provided that, in the absence of an express declaration to the contrary in the instrument of trust, a trustee is so liable—

   (a)  where he has delivered trust-property to his co-trustee without seeing to its proper application;

   (b)  where he allows his co-trustee to receive trust-property and fails to make due enquiry as to the co-trustee’s dealings therewith, or allows him to retain it longer than the circumstances of the case reasonably require;

   (c)  where he becomes aware of a breach of trust committed or intended by his co-trustee, and either actively conceals it or does not within a reasonable time take proper steps to protect the beneficiary’s interest.

   Joining in receipt for conformity.—A co-trustee who joins in signing a receipt for trust- property and proves that he has not received the same is not answerable, by reason of such signature only, for loss or misapplication of the property by his co -trustee.

Illustration.

   A bequeaths certain property to B and C, and directs .them to sell it and invest the proceeds for the benefit of D. B and C accordingly sell the property, and the purchase-money is received by B and retained in his hands. C pays no attention to the matter for two years and then calls on B to make the investment. B is unable to do so, becomes insolvent, and the purchase-money is lost. C may be compelled to make good the amount.