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The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
45
25-12-2023
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Ministry of Law and Justice
Legislative Department
Chapters, and Sections
Chapter 1 - Preliminary
1 - Short title, commencement and application.
2 - Definitions
3 - General explanations.
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Chapter 2 - Of Punishments
4 - Punishments.
5 - Commutation of sentence.
6 - Fractions of terms of punishment.
7 - Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple.
8 - Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc.
9 - Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences.
10 - Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which.
11 - Solitary confinement.
12 - Limit of solitary confinement.
13 - Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction.
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Chapter 3 - General Exceptions
14 - Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law.
15 - Act of Judge when acting judicially
16 - Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court.
17 - Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
18 - Accident in doing a lawful act.
19 - Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm.
20 - Act of a child under seven years of age.
21 - Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding.
22 - Act of a person of unsound mind.
23 - Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will.
24 - Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated.
25 - Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent.
26 - Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit.
27 - Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian.
28 - Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
29 - Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused.
30 - Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent.
31 - Communication made in good faith.
32 - Act to which a person is compelled by threats.
33 - Act causing slight harm.
34 - Things done in private defence.
35 - Right of private defence of body and of property.
36 - Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc.
37 - Acts against which there is no right of private defence.
38 - When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
39 - When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.
40 - Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body.
41 - When right of private defence of property extends to causing death.
42 - When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.
43 - Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property.
44 - Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person.
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Chapter 4 - Of Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy And Attempt - Of Abetment
45 - Abetment of a thing.
46 - Abettor.
47 - Abetment in India of offences outside India
48 - Abetment outside India for offence in India.
49 - Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment.
50 - Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
51 - Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done.
52 - Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done.
53 - Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor.
54 - Abettor present when offence is committed.
55 - Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.
56 - Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
57 - Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons.
58 - Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.
59 - Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent.
60 - Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment.
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Chapter 4 - Of Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy And Attempt - Of Criminal Conspiracy
61 - Criminal conspiracy.
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Chapter 4 - Of Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy And Attempt - Of Attempt
62 - Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment.
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Chapter 5 - Of Offences Against Woman And Child - Of Sexual Offences
63 - Rape.
64 - Punishment for rape.
65 - Punishment for rape in certain cases.
66 - Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim.
67 - Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation.
68 - Sexual intercourse by a person in authority.
69 - Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc.
70 - Gang rape.
71 - Punishment for repeat offenders.
72 - Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc.
73 - Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission.
74 - Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty.
75 - Sexual harassment.
76 - Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe.
77 - Voyeurism.
78 - Stalking.
79 - Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman.
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Chapter 5 - Of Offences Against Woman And Child - Of offences relating to marriage
80 - Dowry death.
81 - Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage.
82 - Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife.
83 - Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage.
84 - Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman.
85 - Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty.
86 - Cruelty defined.
87 - Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc.
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Chapter 5 - Of Offences Against Woman And Child - Of causing miscarriage, etc.
88 - Causing miscarriage.
89 - Causing miscarriage without woman's coment
90 - Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage.
91 - Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth.
92 - Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide.
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Chapter 5 - Of Offences Against Woman And Child - Of offences against child
93 - Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
94 - Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body.
95 - Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence.
96 - Procuration of child.
97 - Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person.
98 - Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc.
99 - Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
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Chapter 6 - Of Offences Affecting The Human Body - Of offences affecting life
100 - Culpable homicide.
101 - Murder.
102 - Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended.
103 - Punishment for murder.
104 - Punishment for murder by life-convict.
105 - Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder.
106 - Causing death by negligence.
107 - Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind.
108 - Abetment of suicide.
109 - Attempt to murder.
110 - Attempt to commit culpable homicide
111 - Organised crime.
112 - Petty organised crime.
113 - Terrorist act.
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Chapter 6 - Of Offences Affecting The Human Body - Of hurt
114 - Hurt.
115 - Voluntarily causing hurt.
116 - Grievous hurt.
117 - Voluntarily causing grievous hurt.
118 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means.
119 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act.
120 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property.
121 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty.
122 - Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation.
123 - Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence.
124 - Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc.
125 - Act endangering life or personal safety of others.
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Chapter 6 - Of Offences Affecting The Human Body - Of wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement
126 - Wrongful restraint.
127 - Wrongful confinement.
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Chapter 6 - Of Offences Affecting The Human Body - Of criminal force and assault
128 - Force.
129 - Criminal force.
130 - Assault.
131 - Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation.
132 - Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty.
133 - Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation.
134 - Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person.
135 - Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person.
136 - Assault or criminal force on grave provocation.
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Chapter 6 - Of Offences Affecting The Human Body - Of kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour
137 - Kidnapping
138 - Abduction.
139 - Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging.
140 - Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc.
141 - Importation of girl or boy from foreign country.
142 - Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person.
143 - Trafficking of person.
144 - Exploitation of a trafficked person.
145 - Habitual dealing in slaves.
146 - Unlawful compulsory labour.
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Chapter 7 - Of Offences Against The State
147 - Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India.
148 - Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147.
149 - Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India.
150 - Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war.
151 - Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power.
152 - Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
153 - Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India.
154 - Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India.
155 - Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154.
156 - Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape.
157 - Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape.
158 - Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner.
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Chapter 8 - Of Offences Relating To The Army, Navy And Air Force
159 - Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty.
160 - Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof.
161 - Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office.
162 - Abetment of such assault, if assault committed.
163 - Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman.
164 - Harbouring deserter.
165 - Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master.
166 - Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman.
167 - Persons subject to certain Acts.
168 - Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman.
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Chapter 9 - Of Offences Relating To Elections
169 - Candidate, electoral right defined.
170 - Bribery.
171 - Undue influence at elections.
172 - Personation at elections.
173 - Punishment for bribery.
174 - Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election.
175 - False statement in connection with an election.
176 - Illegal payments in connection with an election.
177 - Failure to keep election accounts.
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Chapter 10 - Of Offences Relating To Coin, Currency-Notes, Bank-Notes, And Government Stamps
178 - Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes.
179 - Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.
180 - Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.
181 - Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes.
182 - Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes.
183 - Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government.
184 - Using Government stamp known to have been before used.
185 - Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used.
186 - Prohibition of fictitious stamps.
187 - Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law.
188 - Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint.
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Chapter 11 - Of Offences Against The Public Tranquillity
189 - Unlawful assembly.
190 - Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object.
191 - Rioting
192 - Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed.
193 - Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place.
194 - Affray.
195 - Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc.
196 - Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony.
197 - Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration.
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Chapter 12 - Of Offences By Or Relating To Public Servants
198 - Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person.
199 - Public servant disobeying direction under law.
200 - Punishment for non-treatment of victim.
201 - Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury.
202 - Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade.
203 - Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property.
204 - Personating a public servant.
205 - Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent.
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Chapter 13 - Of Contempts Of The Lawful Authority Of Public Servants
206 - Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding.
207 - Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof.
208 - Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant.
209 - Non- appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023.
210 - Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it.
211 - Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it.
212 - Furnishing false information.
213 - Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it.
214 - Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question.
215 - Refusing to sign statement.
216 - False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation.
217 - False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person.
218 - Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant.
219 - Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant.
220 - Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant.
221 - Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions.
222 - Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance.
223 - Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant.
224 - Threat of injury to public servant.
225 - Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant.
226 - Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power.
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Chapter 14 - Of False Evidence And Offences Against Public Justice
227 - Giving false evidence.
228 - Fabricating false evidence.
229 - Punishment for false evidence.
230 - Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence.
231 - Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment.
232 - Threatening any person to give false evidence.
233 - Using evidence known to be false.
234 - Issuing or signing false certificate.
235 - Using as true a certificate known to be false.
236 - False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence.
237 - Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false.
238 - Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender.
239 - Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform.
240 - Giving false information respecting an offence committed.
241 - Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence.
242 - False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution.
243 - Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution.
244 - Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution.
245 - Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due.
246 - Dishonestly making false claim in Court.
247 - Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due.
248 - False charge of offence made with intent to injure.
249 - Harbouring offender.
250 - Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment.
251 - Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender.
252 - Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc.
253 - Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered.
254 - Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits.
255 - Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.
256 - Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture.
257 - Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law.
258 - Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law.
259 - Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend.
260 - Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed.
261 - Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant.
262 - Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension.
263 - Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person.
264 - Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for.
265 - Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for.
266 - Violation of condition of remission of punishment.
267 - Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding.
268 - Personation of assessor.
269 - Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court.
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Chapter 15 - Of Offences Affecting The Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency And Morals
270 - Public nuisance.
271 - Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life.
272 - Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life.
273 - Disobedience to quarantine rule.
274 - Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale.
275 - Sale of noxious food or drink.
276 - Adulteration of drugs.
277 - Sale of adulterated drugs.
278 - Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation.
279 - Fouling water of public spring or reservoir.
280 - Making atmosphere noxious to health.
281 - Rash driving or riding on a public way.
282 - Rash navigation of vessel.
283 - Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy.
284 - Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel.
285 - Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation.
286 - Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance.
287 - Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter.
288 - Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance.
289 - Negligent conduct with respect to machinery.
290 - Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc.
291 - Negligent conduct with respect to animal.
292 - Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for.
293 - Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue.
294 - Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc.
295 - Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child.
296 - Obscene acts and songs.
297 - Keeping lottery office.
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Chapter 16 - Of Offences Relating To Religion
298 - Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class.
299 - Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs.
300 - Disturbing religious assembly.
301 - Trespassing on burial places, etc.
302 - Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Theft
303 - Theft.
304 - Snatching.
305 - Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc.
306 - Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master.
307 - Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Extortion
308 - Extortion.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Robbery And Dacoity
309 - Robbery.
310 - Dacoity.
311 - Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt.
312 - Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon.
313 - Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Criminal Misappropriation Of Property
314 - Dishonest misappropriation of property.
315 - Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Criminal Breach Of Trust
316 - Criminal breach of trust.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Receiving Stolen Property
317 - Stolen property
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Cheating
318 - Cheating
319 - Cheating by personation.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Fraudulent Deeds And Dispositions Of Property
320 - Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors.
321 - Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors.
322 - Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration.
323 - Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of Mischief
324 - Mischief.
325 - Mischief by killing or maiming animal.
326 - Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.
327 - Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden.
328 - Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc.
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Chapter 17 - Of Offences Against Property - Of criminal trespass
329 - Criminal trespass and house-trespass.
330 - House-trespass and house- breaking.
331 - Punishment for house-trespass or house- breaking.
332 - House-trespass in order to commit offence.
333 - House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint.
334 - Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property.
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Chapter 18 - Of Offences Relating To Documents And To Property Marks
335 - Making a false document.
336 - Forgery
337 - Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc.
338 - Forgery of valuable security, will, etc.
339 - Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine.
340 - Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine.
341 - Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338.
342 - Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material.
343 - Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security.
344 - Falsification of accounts.
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Chapter 18 - Of Offences Relating To Documents And To Property Marks - Of property marks
345 - Property mark.
346 - Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury.
347 - Counterfeiting a property mark.
348 - Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark.
349 - Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark.
350 - Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods.
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Chapter 19 - Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc.
351 - Criminal intimidation.
352 - Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace.
353 - Statements conducing to public mischief.
354 - Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure.
355 - Misconduct in public by a drunken person.
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Chapter 19 - Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc - Of defamation
356 - Defamation.
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Chapter 19 - Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc - Of breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
357 - Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person.
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Chapter 20 - Repeal And Savings
358 - Repeal and savings.
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