News
Events
Case Laws
Acts
Directory
Quiz
Maxims
Dictionary
Contact Us
Minimum 3 characters required to execute search.
Act Details
View all Act
The Indian Contract Act, 1872
09
25-04-1872
The Indian Contract Act, 1872
To define and amend certain parts of the law relating to contracts.
Ministry of Law and Justice
Legislative Department
Chapters, and Sections
Chapter 0 - Preliminary
1 - Short title.
2 - Interpretation-clause.
View the Chapter
Chapter 1 - Of The Communication, Acceptance And Revocation Of Proposals
3 - Communication, acceptance and revocation of proposals.
4 - Communication when complete.
5 - Revocation of proposals and acceptances.
6 - Revocation how made.
7 - Acceptance must be absolute.
8 - Acceptance by performing conditions, or receiving consideration.
9 - Promises, express and implied.
View the Chapter
Chapter 2 - Of Contracts, Voidable Contracts And Void Agreements
10 - What agreements are contracts.
11 - Who are competent to contract.
12 - What is a sound mind for the purposes of contracting.
13 - "Consent" defined.
14 - "Free consent" defined.
15 - "Coercion" defined.
16 - "Undue influence" defined.
17 - "Fraud" defined.
18 - "Misrepresentation" defined.
19 - Voidability of agreements without free consent.
19A - Power to set aside contract induced by undue influence.
20 - Agreement void where both parties are under mistake as to matter of fact.
21 - Effect of mistakes as to law.
22 - Contract caused by mistake of one party as to matter of fact.
23 - What considerations and objects are lawful, and what not.
View the Chapter
Chapter 2 - Void agreements
24 - Agreement void, if considerations and objects unlawful in part.
25 - Agreement without consideration, void, unless it is in writing and registered, or is a promise to compensate for something done, or is a promise to pay a debt barred by limitation law.
26 - Agreement in restraint of marriage, void.
27 - Agreement in restraint of trade, void.
28 - Agreements in restraint of legal proceeding void.
29 - Agreements void for uncertainty.
30 - Agreements by way of wager, void.
View the Chapter
Chapter 3 - Of Contingent Contracts
31 - "Contingent contract" defined.
32 - Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event happening.
33 - Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event not happening.
34 - When event on which contract is contingent to be deemed impossible, if it is the future conduct of a living person.
35 - When contracts become void which are contingent on happening of specified event within fixed time . When contracts may be enforced, which are contingent on specified event not happening within fixed time.
36 - Agreement contingent on impossible events void.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (Contracts which must be performed)
37 - Obligation of parties to contracts.
38 - Effect of refusal to accept offer of performance.
39 - Effect of refusal of party to perform promise wholly.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (By whom contracts must be performed)
40 - Person by whom promise is to be performed.
41 - Effect of accepting performance from third person.
42 - Devolution of joint liabilities.
43 - Any one of joint promisors may be compelled to perform.
44 - Effect of release of one joint promisor.
45 - Devolution of joint rights.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (Time and place for performance)
46 - Time for performance of promise, when no application is to be made and no time is specified.
47 - Time and place for performance of promise
48 - Application for performance on certain day to be at proper time and place.
49 - Place for performance of promise, where no application to be made and no place fixed for performance.
50 - Performance in manner or at time prescribed or sanctioned by promise.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (Performance of reciprocal promises)
51 - Promisor not bound to perform, unless reciprocal promisee ready and willing to perform.
52 - Order of performance of reciprocal promises.
53 - Liability of party preventing event on which the contract is to take effect.
54 - Effect of default as to that promise which should be first performed, in contract consisting of reciprocal promises.
55 - Effect of failure to perform at fixed time, in contract in which time is essential.
56 - Agreement to do impossible act.
57 - Reciprocal promise to do things legal, and also other things illegal.
58 - Alternative promise, one branch being illegal.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (Appropriation of payments)
59 - Application of payment where debt to be discharged is indicated.
60 - Application of payment where debt to be discharged is not indicated.
61 - Application of payment where neither party appropriates.
View the Chapter
Chapter 4 - Of The Performance Of Contracts (Contracts which need not be performed)
62 - Effect of novation, rescission, and alteration of contract.
63 - Promise may dispense with or remit performance of promise.
64 - Consequences of rescission of voidable contract.
65 - Obligation of person who has received advantage under void agreement, or contract that becomes void.
66 - Mode of communicating or revoking rescission of voidable contract.
67 - Effect of neglect of promisee to afford promisor reasonable facilities for performance.
View the Chapter
Chapter 5 - Of Certain Relations Resembling Those Created By Contract
68 - Claim for necessaries supplied to person incapable of contracting, or on his account.
69 - Reimbursement of person paying money due by another, in payment of which he is interested.
70 - Obligation of person enjoying benefit of non-gratuitous act.
71 - Responsibility of finder of goods.
72 - Liability of person to whom money is paid, or thing delivered, by mistake or under coercion.
View the Chapter
Chapter 6 - Of The Consequences Of Breach Of Contract
73 - Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract.
74 - Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for.
75 - Party rightfully rescinding contract, entitled to compensation.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - Sale Of Goods [Repealed.].
76 - Repealed.
77 - Repealed.
78 - Repealed.
79 - Repealed.
80 - Repealed.
81 - Repealed.
82 - Repealed.
83 - Repealed.
84 - Repealed.
85 - Repealed.
86 - Repealed.
87 - Repealed.
88 - Repealed.
89 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Delivery.][Repealed.]
90 - Repealed.
91 - Repealed.
92 - Repealed.
93 - Repealed.
94 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Seller's Lien.][Repealed.]
95 - Repealed.
96 - Repealed.
97 - Repealed.
98 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Stoppage In Transit.][Repealed.]
99 - Repealed.
100 - Repealed.
101 - Repealed.
102 - Repealed.
103 - Repealed.
104 - Repealed.
105 - Repealed.
106 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Resale.][Repealed.].
107 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Title.][Repealed.].
108 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Warranty.]Repealed.].
109 - Repealed.
110 - Repealed.
111 - Repealed.
112 - Repealed.
113 - Repealed.
114 - Repealed.
115 - Repealed.
116 - Repealed.
117 - Repealed.
118 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 7 - [Miscellaneous.][Repealed.].
119 - Repealed.
120 - Repealed.
121 - Repealed.
122 - Repealed.
123 - Repealed.
View the Chapter
Chapter 8 - Of Indemnity And Guarantee
124 - "Contract of indemnity" defined
125 - Rights of indemnity-holder when sued.
126 - "Contract of guarantee", "surety", "principal debtor" and "creditor".
127 - Consideration for guarantee.
128 - Surety's liability.
129 - "Continuing guarantee".
130 - Revocation of continuing guarantee.
131 - Revocation of continuing guarantee by surety's death.
132 - Liability of two persons, primarily liable, not affected by arrangement between them that one shall be surety on others default.
133 - Discharge of surety by variance in terms of contract.
134 - Discharge of surety by release or discharge of principal debtor.
135 - Discharge of surety when creditor compounds with, gives time to, or agrees not to sue, principal debtor.
136 - Surety not discharged when agreement made with third person to give time to principal debtor.
137 - Creditor's forbearance to sue does not discharge surety.
138 - Release of one co-surety does not discharge others.
139 - Discharge of surety of creditor's act or omission impairing surety's eventual remedy.
140 - Rights of surety on payment or performance.
141 - Surety's right to benefit of creditor's securities.
142 - Guarantee obtained by misrepresentation invalid.
143 - Guarantee obtained by concealment invalid.
144 - Guarantee on contract that creditor shall not act on it until co-surety joins.
145 - Implied promise to indemnify surety.
146 - Co-sureties liable to contribute equally.
147 - Liability of co-sureties bound in different sums.
View the Chapter
Chapter 9 - Of Bailment
148 - "Bailment", "bailor" and "bailee" defined.
149 - Delivery to bailee how made.
150 - Bailor's duty to disclose faults in goods bailed.
151 - Care to be taken by bailee.
152 - Bailee when not liable for loss, etc., of thing bailed.
153 - Termination of bailment by bailee's act inconsistent with conditions.
154 - Liability of bailee making unauthorized use of goods bailed.
155 - Effect of mixture, with bailor's consent, of his goods with bailee's.
156 - Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the good can be separated.
157 - Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the goods cannot be separated.
158 - Repayment, by bailor, of necessary expenses.
159 - Restoration of goods lent gratuitously.
160 - Return of goods bailed, on expiration of time or accomplishment of purpose.
161 - Bailee's responsibility when goods are not duly returned.
162 - Termination of gratuitous bailment by death.
163 - Bailor entitled to increase or profit from goods bailed.
164 - Bailor's responsibility to bailee.
165 - Bailment by several joint owners.
166 - Bailee not responsible on re-delivery to bailor without title.
167 - Right of third person claiming goods bailed.
168 - Right of finder of goods.
169 - When finder of thing commonly on sale may sell it.
170 - Bailee's particular lien.
171 - General lien of bankers, factors, wharfingers, attorneys and policy-brokers.
View the Chapter
Chapter 9 - Bailments of pledges
172 - "Pledge", "Pawnor" and "Pawnee" defined.
173 - Pawnee's right of retainer.
174 - Pawnee not to retain for debt or promise other than that for which goods pledged.
175 - Pawnee's right as to extraordinary expenses incurred.
176 - Pawnee's right where pawnor makes default.
177 - Defaulting pawnor's right to redeem.
178 - Pledge by mercantile agent.
178A - Pledge by person in possession under voidable contract.
179 - Pledge where pawnor has only a limited interest.
View the Chapter
Chapter 9 - Suits by bailees or bailors against wrong-doers
180 - Suit by bailor or bailee against wrong-doer.
181 - Apportionment of relief or compensation obtained by such suits.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Appointment and authority of agents)
182 - "Agent" and "principal" defined.
183 - Who may employ agent.
184 - Who may be an agent.
185 - Consideration not necessary.
186 - Agent's authority may be expressed or implied.
187 - Definitions of express and implied authority.
188 - Extent of agent's authority.
189 - Agent's authority in an emergency.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Sub-agents)
190 - When agent cannot delegate.
191 - "Sub-agent" defined.
192 - Representation of principal by sub-agent properly appointed.
193 - Agent's responsibility for sub-agent appointed without authority.
194 - Relation between principal and person duly appointed by agent to act in business of agency.
195 - Agent's duty in naming such person.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Ratification)
196 - Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority.
197 - Ratification may be expressed or implied.
198 - Knowledge requisite for valid ratification.
199 - Effect of ratifying unauthorized act forming part of a transaction.
200 - Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Revocation of authority)
201 - Termination of agency.
202 - Termination of agency, where agent has an interest in subject-matter.
203 - When principal may revoke agent's authority.
204 - Revocation where authority has been partly exercised.
205 - Compensation for revocation by principal, or renunciation by agent.
206 - Notice of revocation or renunciation.
207 - Revocation and renunciation may be expressed or implied.
208 - When termination of agent's authority takes effect as to agent, and as to third persons.
209 - Agent's duty on termination of agency by principal's death or insanity.
210 - Termination of sub-agent's authority.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Agent’s duty to principal)
211 - Agent's duty in conducting principal's business.
212 - Skill and diligence required from agent.
213 - Agent's accounts.
214 - Agent's duty to communicate with principal.
215 - Right of principal when agent deals, on his own account, in business of agency without principals consent.
216 - Principal's right to benefit gained by agent dealing on his own account in business of agency.
217 - Agent's right of retainer out of sums received on principal's account.
218 - Agent's duty to pay sums received for principal.
219 - When agent's remuneration becomes due.
220 - Agent not entitled to remuneration for business misconducted.
221 - Agent's lien on principal's property.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Principal’s duty to agent)
222 - Agent to be indemnified against consequences of lawful acts.
223 - Agent to be indemnified against consequences of acts done in good faith.
224 - Non-liability of employer of agent to do a criminal act.
225 - Compensation to agent for injury caused by principal's neglect.
View the Chapter
Chapter 10 - Agency (Effect of agency on contracts with third persons)
226 - Enforcement and consequences of agent's contracts.
227 - Principal how far bound, when agent exceeds authority.
228 - Principal not bound when excess of agent's authority is not separable.
229 - Consequences of notice given to agent.
230 - Agent cannot personally enforce, nor be bound by, contracts on behalf of principal.
231 - Rights of parties to a contract made by agent not disclosed.
232 - Performance of contract with agent supposed to be principal.
233 - Right of person dealing with agent personally liable.
234 - Consequence of inducing agent or principal to act on belief that principal or agent will be held exclusively liable.
235 - Liability of pretended agent.
236 - Person falsely contracting as agent, not entitled to performance.
237 - Liability of principal inducing belief that agent's unauthorized acts were authorized.
238 - Effect, on agreement, of misrepresentation or fraud by agent.
View the Chapter
Chapter 11 - Of Partnership
239 - Repealed..
240 - Repealed..
241 - Repealed..
242 - Repealed..
243 - Repealed..
244 - Repealed..
245 - Repealed..
246 - Repealed..
247 - Repealed..
248 - Repealed..
249 - Repealed..
250 - Repealed..
251 - Repealed..
252 - Repealed..
253 - Repealed..
254 - Repealed..
255 - Repealed..
256 - Repealed..
257 - Repealed..
258 - Repealed..
259 - Repealed..
260 - Repealed..
261 - Repealed..
262 - Repealed..
263 - Repealed..
264 - Repealed..
265 - Repealed..
266 - Repealed..
View the Chapter